Parts of body

part of body

Shapes

Expressing simpathy

Expressing sympathy is used to expression sympathy felling or care to someone who has problem or accident.

Kinds of expressing sympathy :

Ø That’s awfull.

Ø That’s a shame. Poor you.

Ø That’s a pity. I express my deeps.

Ø That’s a terrible.

Ø That’s too bad.

Ø That’s dread full.

Ø What a shame.

Ø What a pity.

Ø How terrible!

Ø How dread full!

Ø I’m sorry to hear that.

Ø I’m sorry to know that.

Ø I’m sympathy with you.

Ø I’m so sad to hear that.

Ø I’m so sad to know that.

Ø I can sympathy.

Ø I know the felling.

Ø I know what you feel.

Ø Oh no………

Ø Oh dear………!

Accepting sympathy :

Ø Thank you.

Ø Thanks.

Ø Thank you very much.

Ø Thank you so much.

Recount

Recount text is a kind of text to tells the reader a past event or experience in a chronological order. That’s why, it uses simple past tense.

Recount text usually focuses on a person’s past experience, so it usually uses the word “I or we”.



The generic structure of recount text :

Ø Orientation :

Tells the readers who was involved in the story, what happened, where the story took place, and when it happened.

Ø Events :

Tell the sequence of events.

Ø Re-orientation :

Summarises the event.




Example of recount text :



Barbecue in the park



Last Sunday, we went to the park. David’s family invited us to a barbecue party in the park. We lived nearby so we just walked there.

When we got the park, there were not many people yet. David’s family was already there. They arrived there early to get the best picnic spot with an electronic barbecue grill nearby. When I arrived, they were cleaning the barbecue. They made sure the barbecue was clean. When it was clean, they turned the barbecue on by pushing the button. The electric stove turned on and the metal plate became hot.

David’s mother put some cooking oil on the metal plate, and after that put some sausages, beef steaks and some onions on the barbecue. Meanwhile, David’s father was preparing the bread, butter, and the drinks.

While waiting for the meat to cook, David and I joined our friends playing football. When we got tired, we stopped and enjoyed the sausages, steaks, and some cold softdrinks. The food was delicious. I think David’s mother is one of the best cooks in the world.

Procedure

Procedure text is a text to describe how to make something through the steps.

Generic stucture:
> Goal / title
> Materials : Things you need to achieve the goal.
> Steps : To achieving the goal.


This the example :
How to Refill Lux Body Shower

Materials:

- bottle
- Lux Body Shower
- scissors
Steps
First, prepare the materials.
Second, cut along the dotted line to open the pouch.
Then, pour the product into the bottle.
After that, dispose the pouch after using.
Finally, Lux body shower ready to use.

Present tense

Present tense is used to express habits, general truths, repeated action or unchanging  situation, emotion  and wishes.
Formula  :  1. S + To be ( am, is , are) + ….
2.S + V1 + (s / es ) + ….
Example :
1. She is very happy.
2. He is diligent student.
3. They are there.
4. You are student.
5. He goes school every morning.
6. She does her homework.
7. Barra cooks in the kitchen.
8. They study English every week.
9. You can come to my house.


a. Verbal Sentence
Patterns :
(+) S + V1 (s/ es) + O
(-) S + do/ does + Not + V1 + O
(?) Do / does + S + V1 + O

Example :

(+) She does her homework.
(-) She does not do her homework.
(?) Does she do her homework ?

b. Nominal Sentence / Non Verbal Sentence
Patterns :
(+) S +To be (am / is / are ) + ….
(-) S + To be (am / is / are) + Not + ….
(?) To be ( am / is / are ) + S + …. ?
Example :
(+) She is very happy.
(-) She is not very happy.
(?) Is she very happy ?

Present perfect tense

Present perfect tense

Formula:
Positive: S + have/has + V3
Negative: S + have/sas Not + V3

Introgative:   Have/has + S + V3

Here are some examples of the present perfect tense:

subject	auxiliary verb		main verb
+	I	have		seen	ET.
+	You	have		eaten	mine.
-	She	has	not	been	to Rome.
-	We	have	not	played	football.
?	Have	you		finished?
?	Have	they		done	it?

When we use the present perfect tense in speaking, we usually contract the subject and auxiliary verb. We also sometimes do this when we write.

I have	I've
You have	You've
He has She has It has John has The car has	He's She's It's John's The car's
We have	We've
They have	They've

Simple past tense

Past tense sering dipakai pada recount text n narrative text.

The formula of Simple Past Tense :

(+ ) S + Verb 2 + O.

( - ) S + did not + Verb 1 + O.

(? )Did + S + Verb 1 + O.

Simple past tense used to talk about an action that happened in the past.

Simple past tense also used to tell a story. The time signals that indicate such happening are yesterday, this morning, just now, a few minutes ago ,long time ago, and last.

Example :

1. (+ ) Ichsan went to Singapore last year.

( - ) Ichsan did not go to Singapore last year.

(? ) Did Ichsan go to Singapore last year?

2. (+ ) They came to my house the day before yesterday.

( - ) They did not come to my house the day before yesterday.

(? ) Did they come to my house the day before yesterday?

3. (+ ) Salahudin bought a new car yesterday.

( - ) salahudin did not buy a new car yesterday.

(? ) Did Salahudin buy a new car yesterday?

4. (+ ) You left me alone last week.

( - ) You did not leave me alone last week.

(? ) Did you leave me alone last week?

Note :

1. In positive sentences, all of the main verb in the verb II (past tense).

2. In negative sentences, all of the main verb in the verb I.

Narrative

Narrative text is text a text to amuse, entertain and deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways.

Narrative Generic Structure
ORIENTATION: The first paragraph presents information about the participant of the story. In literary term, the participant is called as character. Orientation commonly introduces information about WHO, WHERE and WHEN.
COMPLICATION: Paragraph two explores the niche of the story. That is conflict among the characters of the story. This conflict will involve physical and psychological conflict. The conflict is actually the heart of any narrative text. It will drive the participant to make effort in solving the crisis.
RESOLUTION: The last paragraph closes the story with solving the crisis. However it can be better or worse.


This is the example:

Snow White

Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her aunt and uncle because her parents were dead.
One day she heard her uncle and aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White.
Snow White didn’t want her uncle and aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran away. The next morning she ran away from home when her aunt and uncle were having breakfast. She ran away into the woods.
Then she saw a little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell asleep.
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, “What’s your name?” Snow White said, “My name is Snow White.”
Doc, one of the dwarfs said, “If you wish, you may live here with us.” Snow White said, “Oh could I? Thank you.” Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and Snow White and the seven dwarfs lived happily ever after.
 

Invitation

Invitation is expression that used to invite someone to come to an event.

Kind of invitation expression are :

1. Extending invitation :

• How would you like to………..?
• Would you like to come to………….?
• Do you want to………?
• We would like to invite you to…………..
• We would like you join us for……….
• How about………….?
• I want to join to…………….?
• Do you mind to come to………..?
• Please come to………….
• I’ll be happy if you come to………
• Shall we go to………
• Let’s we go to…………

2. Accepting invitation.

• Thank you, I will come.
• OK!
• I’d love to……….
• I’d like to………….
• That sounds great.
• That sounds good.
• That would be terrific.
• That would be fun
• That would be wonderful
• Thank you for inviting me.
• Thank you for the invitation.
• It’s very nice of you to invite me.
• I’d be happy to……..
• I’d be glad to………
• I like that.
• I’d be delighted to……..
• We’d be very happy to come.
• We’d be very glad to come.
• We’d be pleased to come.
• We’d be delighted to come.
• Surely.
• That’s nice.
• Thanks for asking………

Happines Expressions

Expressing happiness is used to expression happiness felling when we are successful to do something.

We can expressing happiness with :

• Word.
• Gesture.

Kind of expressing happiness :

v I like.

v I love.

v I’m satisfied with…………..

v I’m pleased with………….

v Congratulation.

v I’m very happy because………..

v Well down.

v That’s fantastic!

v That’s good!

v That’s great!

v That’s wonderful!

v That’s exciting.

v I’m so happy for you.

v I’m happy to hear that.

v I’m glad to know that.

v I’m so happy to know it.

v My happiness for you.

v I’m very happy for you.

v My deep impression for you both.

v You make me happy.

v How happy you must be!

v How happy you are!

Greeting

Gretting : - Formal
               - Informal
 
Formal Greetings

• Good Morning (until about lunch time, before 12 a.m)
• Good Afternoon (12-6 p.m)
• Good Evening (until about 9 p.m)
• Good Morning, Sir. Ma’am

Note: Do not use “Good day” excped in Australia

~ Informal Greetings

• Hi, Lizzy !
• Morning, Jim !
• Hello

~ Initial Greetings

• How are you ? I’m fine thank you
• How’s it doing?
• How are doing?
• How’s life?



* Responding to initial greeting :

- Very well, thank you and how are you?
- I’m good/okay/alright
- Oh, pretty good
- Not too bad, thank’s
- Fine, thank’s
- Excellent






* Pre clossing :

- Ok Then
- I’ve got to go now
- So, I’ll see you next week
- I think I’d be going now?
- I must be going home !

* Clossing / leave taking :

- Good bye (formal/informal)
- Bye-bye, bye; now. See you. Take care
- See you later … Fine
- See you soon … Ok
- See you tonight … All right

• Good night (after 8 p.m or retiring to bed)

Note: Do not use “Good evening” for leave taking use “Good night” Good bye John, and all the best (to someone who’s leaving for along time)

Giving Instruction

Giving instruction is an expression for give or ask somebody to do something that we want.

Giving instruction same with imperative sentences.

Giving instruction are :

1. Command.
• Verb (+ O).

Example : Watch out, come here, etc.

· Please + V (+ O).

Example : Please clean your room.

· V (+ O) + Please.

Example : Wash this towel, please.

2. Prohibition.

· Don’t + V (+ O).

Example : Don’t close it!

· Don’t + V (+ O) + Please.

Example : Don’t be noise, please.

· Would you mind not + V-ing (+ O).

Example : Would you mind not reading my diary.

Kinds of giving instruction :

· Verb 1.

Example :

§ Wash your hand.

§ Eat your meal.

§ Sit down.

· Be + adjective.

Example :

§ Be your self.

§ Be a good student.

§ Be strong.

§ Be happy.

· Don’t + V-infinitive.

Example :

§ Don’t armb!

§ Don’t eat!

§ Don’t approach!

§ Don’t disturb!

§ Don’t touch!

· No + V-ing.

Example :

§ No smooking!

§ No swimming!

§ No parking!

Gaining attention

Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will their attention to what we want to

The example expressions of gaining attention :

~ Attention, please
~ May I have your attention, please
~ Excuse me, look here !!!
~ Listening to me, please
~ Waiter ?
~ I’m Sorry, but …
~ Wow, really ?
~ Look!

Appointment

Appointment is a kind of expression which is used to conduct an appointment.

Kind of appointment expression are :

1. Making an appointment.

§ I’d like to make an appointment with……….

§ I want to make an appointment to see…………..

§ I’d like you to come and see me.

§ Can we meet at………..

§ Can I come and see you?

2. Accepting an appointment.

§ All right, see you there.

§ I’ll be there.

§ Be there on time.

§ OK, wait a minute.

§ Yes, I’ll come.

§ I’ll wait for you there.

§ No problem, I’m free on.

§ It’s a deal.

§ Surely.

3. Cancelling an appointment.

§ I’m sorry, I can’t.

§ I’m sorry, I’m very busy.

§ I’m terrible sorry, I have to put of my appointment.

§ I’m sorry, I can’t come to meet you, because I must to do something.

4. Changing an appointment.

§ What about…………….?

§ Is that OK if we meet at 10.00am tomorrow.

§ Do you have another time this afternoon?

§ Could we change the day (time) of the meeting?

§ Would you mind if we change the day (time) of the meeting?

Announcement

Announcement is something said, written or printed to make known what has happened or (more often) what will happen.

In writing an announcement, keep the following points :

· The title/type of event.

· Date/time.

· Place.

· Who to contact.

Example of announcement :

School Announcement

Saturday morning basketball matches will begin on Saturday, January 1. the events will run from 09.00 – 11.00am for the next four weeks. The final tournament will be held on February 8. for more information, contact Ari (021) 7891023.

Kartini’s Day

Monday, April 21, is Kartini’s day. To celebrate it, each class must present a couple of boy and girl. They have to wear and perform the traditional costumes. Also, there will be a cooking competition. Each class present two groups, i.e one group of boys and one group of girls. Each group consist of 3 – 4 students. The categories for judging will be : best of show and creativity. Winners will receive prizes at 02.00pm in the school hall. For more information, please confirm your class teacher.

Advertisement

Do you know what is advertisment?

Advertisment is an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the thing that are offered or informed.

Function of advertisement
*Promotion
*Communication
*Information


In making an advertisement keep the following points


Language of advertisement :
*using the corret or suitable words.
*using the interesting and suggestive expression.
*using positive expression.
*text of advertisement should be directed to the goals.
Content of advertisement :
*Objective
*Brief and clear
* Not allude group or other producer.




Content of advertismenet
· Objective and honest
· Brief and clear
· Not macking to group or other producer.
· Attractive attention.

Advertisement have 2(two)meaning
1. advertisement is a comercial solicitation designed to sell commodity,service or similar.
-companies try to sell their products usin.
Advertisement in from or palacards,television,sport and print
publication.
2. advertisement is a public noties
-the city council placed an advertisement in the local newspaperin informs it resident of the forthcom in road works.
Advertisement is refers to all people many advertisement are disigend to generate increased consumption of those products and service through the creation and reinforcement of brand image “N” barand loyality.


Example ::

Job vacancy advertisement
Antang kalang hotel in Palangka Raya is presently looking for :
1.sales manager
2.chief accountant.
3.purchasing manager.
4.restaurant manager.
5.Banquet coordinator.
6.assistant chief engineer.
7.bar staf/waiter/waitresses
All applicants should have at least 3 years experience in position with strong leadership,good command under pressure attractive salary and benefits.
PLEASE SEND YOUR APPLICATION TO GENERAL MENEGER
P.O.BOX7111 / PKR CL.12979.